Socratic theoretical philosophy
ABSTRACT
Socrates uses the Socratic method as a tool to
catalyze self-examination of others so that may seek out knowledge. In this
article I will present the theoretical vision of Socrates' life and his method
of teaching. Later, I explained the
biographies of Socrates and his life, as well as the method he used in his
teaching. In addition, I gave an example
of an argument against the method put forward by Socrates. With this article the reader can get a
concept of this teaching approach and use Socrates as an example of how a high
school teacher leads his students to the goal.
Keywords: Socratic Method, self-examination, biographies,
1. Introduction
The Socratic Method refers to a particular way of
approaching conversations. Essentially, it involves one person presenting a hypothesis
about something. Then another person asks them questions that push the first
individual to defend their position. The idea is that discussing theories in
this way encourages critical thought. It forces a person to think about whether
their view is actually right. It also helps them to develop better hypotheses
along the way. In fact many experts in the law of attraction plan their
exercises on the basis of the Socratic Method.
The Socratic Method is one of the oldest educational methods
used in the classroom. Developed by
Socrates 2400 years ago, this strategy uses thought-provoking question and
answer sessions to promote learning. In
modern times, the Socratic Method was adapted for use in universities and
became the dominant form of instruction for students
learning philosophy and the law.
2. socratic
method
Socratic method is defined as “a pedagogical technique in
which a teacher does not give information directly, but instead asks a series
of questions with the result that the student comes either to a desired
knowledge by answering the questions or to a deeper awareness of the limits of
knowledge”.
The Socratic Method is a method of eliminating assumptions,
and better assumptions can be made by systematically identifying and
eliminating those that lead to contradictions.
There are a number of reasons why you should use it: It’s a
highly effective way to clarify and unpack one’s beliefs, and to examine the
assumptions, evidence, reasons etc. used to support them. It makes us active in
our thinking rather than passive. Improves our critical thinking skills and
improves our questioning abilities. Determines the extent of our knowledge on a
given subject, and reveals what we know and what we don’t. Encourages
intellectual humility by making us aware of the limits of our knowledge. Exposes
the assumptions, contradictions, inconsistencies, fallacies etc. in our
thinking and makes us aware of the implications and consequences of our beliefs.
Aa well as llows the questioner and answerer to work together cooperatively in
a non-confrontal way.
2.1 Development of Socratic Method
In the second half of the 5th century
BC, sophists were teachers who specialized in using the tools
of philosophy and rhetoric to entertain, impress, or
persuade an audience to accept the speaker's point of view. Socrates promoted
an alternative method of teaching, which came to be called the Socratic Method.
Socrates began to engage in such discussions with his
fellow Athenians after his friend from youth, Chaerephon,
visited the Oracle of Delphi, which asserted that no man
in Greece was wiser than Socrates. Socrates saw this as
a paradox, and began using the Socratic Method to answer his
conundrum. Diogenes Laërtius, however, wrote
that Protagoras invented the “Socratic” method.
2.2
Arguing Against the Socratic Method
In a study published in the December 2011 issue of the
journal Mind, Brain, and Education, four cognitive scientists from
Argentina describe what happened when they asked contemporary high school and
college students a series of questions identical to those posed by Socrates. In
one of his most famous lessons, Socrates showed a young slave boy a square,
then led him through a series of 50 questions intended to teach the boy how to
draw a second square with an area twice as large as the first. Students in the
2011 experiment, led by researcher Andrea Goldin, gave answers astonishingly
similar to those offered by Socrates’ pupil, even making the same mistakes he
made. “Our results show that the Socratic dialogue is built on a
strong intuition of human knowledge and reasoning which persists more
than twenty-four centuries after its conception,” the researchers write. Their
findings, Goldin and his co-authors add, demonstrate the existence of “human
cognitive universals traversing time and cultures.”
4. CONCLUSION
The Socratic system is a valuable technology that every
critic should know and use. Exploring
one's beliefs to find it. If we follow the Socrates method, we will quickly
improve our critical thinking and questioning skills, discover the limits of
our knowledge of a given subject, and become a profound and intelligent
thinker, perhaps coming to the same conclusion as Socrates did:
"The only
thing I know is that I know nothing."
- Socrates
REFERENCES
[1]
Socratic method -
Wikipedia
[2]
The Socratic
Method – Life Lessons
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